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The Federal Oil Price Forecast Assumed Peace. The War Resumed Three Weeks Later.

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On July 7, the U.S. Energy Information Administration published a forecast built on the assumption that the war was over.

The July Short-Term Energy Outlook took as its premise the June 18 memorandum of understanding between the United States and Iran, which formalized a sixty-day ceasefire and reopened the Strait of Hormuz. Working from that premise, EIA projected Brent crude averaging 74 dollars per barrel in the third quarter and 65 dollars across 2027, retail gasoline falling from 4.48 dollars per gallon in May to below 3.10 next year, and most shut-in global production restored by the first quarter of 2027.

The premise did not hold. Within weeks of the signing, Iranian forces resumed attacks on commercial shipping transiting the strait, the United States resumed strikes, and the sixty-day ceasefire collapsed roughly four weeks into its term. The Council on Foreign Relations, writing on July 14, noted that the President had notified Congress the United States had returned to war and had announced the reimposition of a naval blockade of the waterway.

This is not a criticism of the forecast. Federal statistical agencies publish under stated assumptions, and EIA stated its own plainly. It is an observation about the distance between the numbers now sitting in most 2027 planning models and the conditions on the water. That distance is not a rounding error. A 65 dollar 2027 and a war entering its sixth month describe two entirely different capital programs, two different hedging books, and two different answers to nearly every question a board asks in the fall budget cycle.

The federal government is running a version of the same problem on a larger scale. In a report publicly released in June, the Government Accountability Office found that the Strategic Petroleum Reserve, which can store roughly 680 million barrels, held less than 350 million as of early June following the first releases tied to the Iran war, part of a planned 172-million-barrel drawdown. The central finding was not about volume. It was that DOE and Congress are making operational and investment decisions without a current long-term plan, amid uncertainty about what the reserve can do now and what it should be able to do later.

Wellhead assembly close up under flat grey daylight, valves and flanges beaded with rain, paint chalking on the steel

Private operators are behaving with more discipline than that, and the behavior is more revealing than the commentary. In the Dallas Fed’s second-quarter survey, current capital spending accelerated sharply, with 49 percent of firms reporting increases. The index for expected capital expenditures next year registered exactly zero. Firms are funding the wells in front of them and declining to commit past the horizon they can see.

Asked where crude would peak if the conflict ran through year end, about two-thirds of respondents put the ceiling at 125 dollars per barrel or less. Fifty-seven percent judged permanent Iranian restrictions on Persian Gulf exports unlikely, while 33 percent called them somewhat likely and 10 percent very likely.

That is not a consensus. It is a wide distribution with a great deal of capital riding on which tail proves correct. Individual year-end WTI forecasts in the same survey ranged from 60 to 150 dollars, a spread of 90 dollars among people who do this for a living and are looking at the same information.

Planning under that spread rewards a specific discipline: separate the decisions that depend on price from the decisions that do not, and stop treating them as one problem.

Rig commitments, acreage acquisition, and multi-year development sequencing depend heavily on price, and most operators are correctly keeping those flexible. Optionality has a cost, but it is cheaper than being wrong by 90 dollars.

The operational decisions underneath them do not depend on price at all. Whether a component arrives on the promised date, whether a supplier’s certifications and dimensional records survive an audit, whether a downhole tool releases at its designed threshold, and whether a second qualified source exists for a single-sourced part are questions with identical answers at 60 dollars and at 150. They are also the questions most likely to be deferred while everyone waits for clarity on price.

That deferral is the actual risk. A company that spends the next two quarters waiting to see how the conflict resolves will arrive at whatever price environment materializes carrying the same supply chain fragility it has today, and the tariff and lead-time pressures shaping that fragility are detailed in Oilfield Equipment Lead Times Are Stretching as Tariff Rules Rewrite the Sourcing Math.

The same logic runs differently on the gas side, where long-dated export commitments are producing a steadier activity profile than crude has managed, as covered in U.S. LNG Is Absorbing Qatar’s Lost Volumes and Pulling Gas Drilling With It.

The practical version is unremarkable and executable this quarter regardless of what happens next in the Gulf. Know the origin and quoted lead time of every component that gates rig time. Confirm that material certifications, heat treatment verification, and dimensional inspection records exist and are retrievable before an auditor or a failure investigation asks. Qualify a second source for anything with a single point of failure.

None of that requires a view on the war, a call on OPEC, or confidence in any particular forecast.

Forecasts will keep getting revised. EIA publishes again next month, and the assumptions will move with the news. The wells being drilled this quarter will not wait for the revision, and neither will the components going into them.

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Works Cited

  1. “EIA Increases Global Oil Production Forecast after the Opening of the Strait of Hormuz.” U.S. Energy Information Administration, 7 July 2026, www.eia.gov/pressroom/releases/press590.php. Accessed 30 July 2026.
  2. “The Strategic Petroleum Reserve—Does the U.S. Have a Long-Term Plan Amid Massive Drawdowns & Maintenance Backlogs?” U.S. Government Accountability Office, 29 June 2026, www.gao.gov/blog/strategic-petroleum-reserve-does-u.s.-have-long-term-plan-amid-massive-drawdowns-maintenance-backlogs. Accessed 30 July 2026.
  3. Takeyh, Ray. “Trump’s Iran Deal May Be Over, But It Is Clear What the Regime Wants.” Council on Foreign Relations, 14 July 2026, www.cfr.org/articles/trumps-iran-deal-may-be-over-but-it-is-clear-what-the-regime-wants. Accessed 30 July 2026.